An altcoin (alternative coin) refers to any cryptocurrency that is not Bitcoin. The term was coined early in Bitcoin's history when alternative cryptocurrencies began emerging, starting with Litecoin in 2011.
Categories of Altcoins
Stablecoins: Pegged to fiat currencies (USDT, USDC, DAI).
Utility Tokens: Provide access to a service or platform (BNB, UNI).
Governance Tokens: Grant voting rights in a protocol (AAVE, COMP).
Meme Coins: Community-driven tokens, often started as jokes (DOGE, SHIB).
Layer-1 Tokens: Native tokens of alternative blockchains (ETH, SOL, AVAX).
Altcoin Season
An "altcoin season" or "alt season" refers to a market period where altcoins significantly outperform Bitcoin. This typically happens after Bitcoin has experienced a strong rally and investors begin rotating profits into smaller-cap altcoins seeking higher returns.